Mujahideen - Wikipedia. Mujahideen (Arabic: .
District Cadre SST Posts by Directorate of Elementary and Secondary Education, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar (Screening Test for The Post of SST (Maths/Physics) in. The 1946 Panhard Dyna X, designed by Jean-Albert Grégoire, had the engine longitudinally in front of the front wheels, with the transmission behind the engine and. Website of The Frontier Post, a daily English news paper from Peshawar.
Its widespread use in English began with reference to the guerrilla- type military outfits led by the Islamist Afghan warriors in the Soviet–Afghan War, and now extends to other jihadist outfits in various countries. Early history. Jihad was the term used for the project of Islamic conquest in the early history of Islam, during the medieval era led by the caliphates (7th through 9th century). In its post- classical meaning, Jihad refers to an act which is spiritually comparable in reward to promoting Islam during the early 6. CE. These acts could be as simple as sharing a considerable amount of your income with the poor.
Some Islamic sects believe that armed- conflicts cannot be branded as Jihad unless it has been ordered by Messiah. Modern western definition. Stream The Nevermore Chronicles online with subtitles 1280.
It began in 1. 82. Sayyid Ahmed Shah Brelwi, came back to the village of Sitana from a pilgrimage to Mecca and began preaching war against the infidels in the area defining the Northwest border of British India. Although he died in battle, the sect he had created survived and the Mujahideen gained more power and prominence. During the Indian Mutiny of 1.
Mujahideen were said to accept any fleeing Sepoys and recruit them into their ranks. As time went by the sect grew ever larger until it was raiding and controlling larger areas in Afghanistan. During this period, religious rebels supported by the Sultan fought for removal of the Christian- dominated Philippine government from the Sulu Archipelago and Mindanao and for the independence of the Sultanate of Sulu. Some volunteers committed themselves to hand- to- hand combat and probable death. In Spanish, these religious rebels were known as juramentados, or .
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At the DRA's request, the Soviet Union brought forces into the country to aid the government from 1. The mujahideen fought against Soviet and DRA troops during the Soviet War in Afghanistan (1. Afghanistan's resistance movement originated in chaos and, at first, regional warlords waged virtually all of its fighting locally. As warfare became more sophisticated, outside support and regional coordination grew. The basic units of mujahideen organization and action continued to reflect the highly decentralized nature of Afghan society and strong loci of competing mujahideen and tribal groups, particularly in isolated areas among the mountains. Some groups of these veterans became significant players in later conflicts in and around the Muslim world.
Osama bin Laden, originally from a wealthy family in Saudi Arabia, was a prominent organizer and financier of an all- Arab Islamist group of foreign volunteers; his Maktab al- Khadamat funnelled money, arms, and Muslim fighters from around the Muslim world into Afghanistan, with the assistance and support of the Saudi and Pakistani governments. In 1. 98. 9 the Soviet Union withdrew its forces from Afghanistan. Many districts and cities then fell to the mujahideen; in 1.
DRA's last president, Mohammad Najibullah, was overthrown. However, the mujahideen did not establish a united government, and many of the larger mujahideen groups began to fight each other over power in Kabul.
After several years of devastating fighting, a village mullah named Mohammed Omar organized a new armed movement with the backing of Pakistan. This movement became known as the Taliban (. Veteran mujahideen confronted this radical splinter group in 1. Iran–Iraq War. The group also took part in the 1. Iranian Revolution, Iran–Iraq War (on the side of Iraqis), and in the Iraqi internal conflicts.
Another mujahideen was the Mujahedin- e Islam, an Islamic party led by Ayatollah Abol- Ghasem Kashani. The conflict is ongoing; casualty statistics vary for the conflict however the conservative estimates of the Uppsala Conflict Data Program indicate that at least 6,0. Government of Philippines and ASG, BIFM, MILF, and MNLF factions between 1. The group is known for its kidnappings of Western nationals and Filipinos, for which it has received several large ransom- payments.
Some Abu Sayyaf members have studied or worked in Saudi Arabia and developed relations with the mujahideen members while fighting and training in the war against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Muslims around the world who shared mujahideen beliefs and respected the author of Islamic Declaration come to the aid of fellow Muslims. Alija Izetbegovic, author of Islamic Declaration and in his younger days author of poem .
Mostly they came from North Africa, the Near East and the Middle East. The foreign volunteers differed considerably from the local population, not only because of their physical appearance and the language they spoke, but also because of their fighting methods. The various foreign, Muslim volunteers were primarily organized into an umbrella detachment of the 7th Muslim Brigade, which was a brigade of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, based in Zenica. This independent subdivision colloquially known as El- Mud.
However, many of the mujahideen were extremely devout Muslims of the strict Salafi sect, which contrasted sharply with the widely renowned secular society and liberal attitude Bosnian Muslims harbored. This led to friction between the mujahideen and the Bosnians. Furthermore, some mujahideen wanted to fight a war of extermination, or use Bosnian territory as a base for terrorist operations elsewhere. However, the ICTY has never issued indictments against mujahideen fighters. Instead, the ICTY indicted some Bosnian Army commanders on the basis of superior criminal responsibility. The ICTY acquitted Amir Kubura and Enver Had. Furthermore, the Appeals Chamber noted that the relationship between the 3rd Corps and the El Mujahedin detachment was not one of subordination but was instead close to overt hostility since the only way to control the detachment was to attack them as if they were a distinct enemy force.
The ICTY found that Delic had effective control over the El Mujahid Detachment. He was sentenced to three years of imprisonment for his failure to prevent or punish the cruel treatment of twelve captured Serb soldiers by the Mujahideen.
Delic remained in the Detention Unit while appellate proceedings continued. They were all North African volunteers with well established links to Islamic Fundamentalist groups before and after the Bosnian War. In 2. 01. 5, former Human Rights Minister and Federation Bi.
H Vice President Mirsad Kebo talked about numerous war crimes committed against Serbs by mujahideen in Bosnia and their links with current and past Muslim officials including former and current presidents of federation and presidents of parliament based on war diaries and other documented evidence. He gave evidence to the Bi. H federal prosecutor.
However, in this article, mujahideen is used to refer to the foreign, non- Caucasian fighters who joined the separatists’ cause for the sake of Jihad. They are often called Ansaar (helpers) in related literature dealing with this conflict to prevent confusion with the native fighters. Foreign mujahideen have played a part in both Chechen wars. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the subsequent Chechen declaration of independence, foreign fighters began entering the region and associating themselves with local rebels (most notably Shamil Basayev). Many of the foreign fighters were veterans of the Soviet- Afghan war. The mujahideen also made a significant financial contribution to the separatists’ cause; with their access to the immense wealth of Salafist charities like al- Haramein, they soon became an invaluable source of funds for the Chechen resistance, which had few resources of its own.
Most of the mujahideen decided to remain in Chechnya after the withdrawal of Russian forces. In 1. 99. 9, foreign fighters played an important role in the ill- fated Chechen incursion into Dagestan, where they suffered a decisive defeat and were forced to retreat back into Chechnya.
The incursion provided the new Russian government with a pretext for intervention. Russian ground forces invaded Chechnya again in December 1.
The mujahideen were deemed responsible for the decapitation of six young Russian conscripts caught in Dagestan during a rebel incursion. The beheading was filmed and then posted online. The six Russian conscripts were caught behind enemy lines after the small and unprepared Russian unit retreated during a rebel advance onto Dagestan. The mujahideen were then killed by Russian special forces during a gunfight a short time later. The separatists were less successful in the Second Chechen War. The Chechens were unable to hold their ground against better prepared and more determined Russian forces. Russian officials claimed that the separatists had been defeated as early as 2.
The Russians also succeeded in killing the most prominent mujahideen commanders, most notably Ibn al- Khattab and Abu al- Walid. Although the region has since been far from stable, separatist activity has decreased, though some foreign fighters remain active in Chechnya. In the last months of 2.
Dokka Umarov proclaimed the Caucasus Emirate being fought for by the Caucasian Mujahadeen, a pan- Caucasian Islamic state of which Chechnya was to be a province. This move caused a rift in the resistance movement between those supporting the Emirate and those who were in favour of preserving the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. Contemporary Jihadism. On November 2. 6, 2. Deccan Mujahideen claimed responsibility for a string of attacks across Mumbai. The Weekly Standard claimed, . Most noticeable of these groups are Lashkar- e- Taiba (Le.
T), Jaish- e- Mohammed (Je. M), Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), Hizbul Mujahideen and Harkat- ul- Mujahideen (Hu. M). The organization was officially banned by the government of Bangladesh in February 2. NGOs, but struck back in mid- August when it detonated 5.
Bangladesh. Some groups also use the word mujahideen in their names, like Mujahideen Shura Council and Mujahideen Army. Following the U. S.